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1939
Hungary
Antisemitism

Defence of the Nation Act

The 1939 Defence of the Nation Act (1939:II) created the legal framework that soon enabled explicitly antisemitic labour-service rules. Jewish men were barred from armed service and conscripted into unarmed labour battalions, where antisemitic regulations and informal abuse produced brutal conditions, humiliation, and extremely high mortality.

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1939 – 1945

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