Explore the roots of antisemitism and antigypsyism in Central Europe.
This interactive timeline is divided into four historical periods and allows you to move through time by scrolling or by jumping to a specific period, filter events by country, and view short descriptions by hovering over each event, with selected entries offering more detailed historical context.
EXPLORE THE PAST
2004 – 2024
The European Union
Across 2004–2024, antisemitism and antigypsyism in Central Europe persisted and adapted despite EU accession, shifting from overt violence toward politicised discourse, institutional discrimination, and digitally mediated hate. While legal frameworks and inclusion strategies expanded, weak enforcement enabled far-right actors, populist narratives, and online networks to normalise conspiracy theories, historical revisionism, and collective blame. Jewish and Roma communities continued to face symbolic attacks on memory sites, segregation in housing and education, police abuse, and renewed scapegoating during crises such as migration, COVID-19, and geopolitical conflict—revealing a persistent gap between formal commitments to equality and lived experience.
2024
Adoption of Hungary’s National Strategy Against Antisemitism
Antisemitism • Hungary
Attempted Arson of Nożyk Synagogue
Antisemitism • Poland
Expansion of Decent Housing Campaign in Banská Bystrica
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Arson attack attempt at synagogue in Brno
Antisemitism • Czechia
Desecration of Holocaust Memorial in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
2023
Threat to Bomb the Sejm
Antisemitism • Poland
Attack on Hanukkah Menorah in Parliament
Antisemitism • Poland
Anti-Israel Demonstration in Warsaw
Antisemitism • Poland
Fear-mongering in Polgár (Hajdú-Bihar County)
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Anti-Roma Hate Surge on Social Media
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Antigypsy Demonstration at Venyige Street Prison
Antigypsyism • Hungary
UN Criticises Slovakia for Roma Rights
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Distribution of Antisemitic Flyers
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Roma Children Taught in Containers in Krompachy
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
2022
A hate symbol in Brno connecting prejudices against Jews and Ukrainians
Antisemitism • Czechia
Desecration of Jewish Cemetery in Bardejov
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Death of Roma Teenager in Custody
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Antisemitic Ideology Linked to Bratislava LGBT+ Bar Attack
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Vandalism at the Frankel Leó Street Synagogue
Antisemitism • Hungary
Hate Speech by Politicians During Elections
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Online Harassment of Jewish Activists
Antisemitism • Slovakia
2021
Beating in Opoczno
Antigypsyism • Poland
Roma Denied Housing in Spišská Nová Ves
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Burning of the Statute of Kalisz
Antisemitism • Poland
Antisemitic Chants During Far-Right Rally
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Roma Children Segregated in Primary Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Antisemitic targeting of a synagogue inauguration in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
Antisemitism at Anti-Vaccine March
Antisemitism • Poland
Online antisemitic campaign by “National Resistance Council”
Antisemitism • Czechia
Neo-Nazi bomb plot targeting embassies in Prague
Antisemitism • Czechia
2020
Display of SS Symbol in Leányfalu
Antisemitism • Hungary
Destruction of Roma Holocaust Memorial, Budapest
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Attack on Bratislava Jewish Cultural Center
Antisemitism • Slovakia
demonstration in Deák Square, Budapest
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Racialised Media Coverage of Roma and COVID-19
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Hate-Motivated Attack on Roma Home, Hradec Králové
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Antisemitic COVID-19 Conspiracies Spread
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Military Quarantine of Roma Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Prime Minister Viktor Orbán publicly questioned a court ruling regarding state compensation for segregated Roma pupils
Antigypsyism • Hungary
2019
Assault of a Jewish Man in Békéscsaba
Antisemitism • Hungary
Rajec Jewish Cemetery Desecration
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Desecration of the Jewish Cemetery in Námestovo
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Antisemitic and Anti-Israel Posters in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
Desecration of Jewish Cemetery in Žilina
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Police Brutality in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Police Instruction on Handling Hate Crimes
Antisemitism • Hungary
Police Instruction on Handling Hate Crimes
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Protest Against U.S. Act 447
Antisemitism • Poland
Roma Woman Wins Discrimination Case
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Attack on Roma Children in Lipník nad Bečvou
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Daniel Bombic’s Online Antisemitism on the DKX Telegram Channel
Antisemitism • Slovakia
2018
Threatening antisemitic email ruled “not criminal”
Antisemitism • Czechia
Foundation of Mi Hazánk Mozgalom
Antisemitism • Hungary
Foundation of Mi Hazánk Mozgalom
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Attack on a Rabbi in Árkád shopping mall
Antisemitism • Hungary
Vandalism on Holocaust Remembrance Day
Antisemitism • Slovakia
ECtHR Condemns Slovakia for Police Abuse
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Threat to “Shoot Down” Roma Settlement Inspired by Breivik
Antigypsyism • Czechia
2017
Calls to send Jews, Roma, and homosexuals to the gas chambers in the parliamentary restaurant by a far-right politician
Antisemitism • Czechia
Anti-Roma ‘Work Camps’ Proposal
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Gross anti-Semitic insults and calls to expel Jews in connection with debates on the renovation of the Jewish cemetery in Prostějov
Antisemitism • Czechia
Jewish Community Threatened During Public Rally
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Anti-Soros Campaign
Antisemitism • Hungary
False announcement that Jews were killed, coupled with threats of further violence
Antisemitism • Czechia
The joy of killing Jews was expressed by jihadist foreign fighter Omar Shehadeh, originally from the Czech Republic
Antisemitism • Czechia
2016
Calls to kill Roma after Romani musician’s anti-racist protest
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Attack on Roma Settlement in Gdańsk
Antigypsyism • Poland
Antisemitic Sermon by Priest Jacek Międlar
Antisemitism • Poland
ĽSNS Enters Parliament
Antisemitism • Slovakia
ĽSNS Enters Parliament
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Extremist Train Patrols Targeting Roma Passengers
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
2015
2014
Harassment and Assault in Kędzierzyn-Koźle
Antigypsyism • Poland
Rise of Kotlebovci in Regional Politics
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Violent Assault on Roma Public Workers in Heves County
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Memorial for Victims of the German Occupation and the Living Monuments initiative
Antisemitism • Hungary
Violent Incidents in Andrychów
Antigypsyism • Poland
Forced Evictions in Miskolc’s “Numbered Streets”
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Brutal Beating in Leszno Park
Antigypsyism • Poland
Protest Against Visiting Knesset Delegation
Antisemitism • Poland
2013
Anti-Gypsy Demonstration in Zabrze
Antigypsyism • Poland
Open Support for Holocaust Denial by Far-Right Party
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Attack Against Roma Family in Zabrze
Antigypsyism • Poland
Announcement of the House of Fates Holocaust Museum
Antisemitism • Hungary
Anti-Roma Riot in Duchcov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Moldava nad Bodvou Police Raid
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Prime Minister Orbán declares a policy of zero tolerance against antisemitism
Antisemitism • Hungary
Construction of Segregation Wall in Košice
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
2012
Jobbik MP calls for list of Jews in Parliament
Antisemitism • Hungary
Group Assault on Roma Families in Wrocław
Antigypsyism • Poland
Public Humiliation in Wrocław Milk Bar
Antigypsyism • Poland
Journalist assaulted with antisemitic abuse at protest
Antisemitism • Hungary
Far-Right Demonstration and Anti-Roma Intimidation in Devecser
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Attack on Holocaust Memorial in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Anti-Roma protest in Břeclav after a false accusation
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Antisemitic Banner in Katowice
Antisemitism • Poland
Attempted Arson in Wrocław
Antigypsyism • Poland
Aš Arson Attack by Blood & Honour and Combat 18 Members
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Racially Motivated Shooting in Hurbanovo
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
2011
Adoption of the National Social Inclusion Strategy
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Antisemitic assault in a Budapest pub
Antisemitism • Hungary
Molotov cocktail Attack in Krośnica
Antigypsyism • Poland
Wave of Racist Abuse in Siemianowice Śląskie
Antigypsyism • Poland
Organised Assault by Hooligans in Krosno
Antigypsyism • Poland
Anti-Roma Riot in Varnsdorf, Šluknov Region
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Molotov Attack on Roma Home in Krty
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Arson Attack on Roma Flat in Býchory
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Adoption of the New Fundamental Law
Antisemitism • Hungary
Adoption of the New ‘Fundamental Law’
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Patrolling in Gyöngyöspata
Antigypsyism • Hungary
2010
Limanowa Riots
Antigypsyism • Poland
Segregated Housing Project in Letanovce
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Antisemitic Hate Speech by Extremist Politician
Antisemitism • Slovakia
2009
Vítkov Arson Attack on a Roma Family
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Swastikas Painted on Synagogue in Trnava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Calls to kill Jews during a sermon in the Brno mosque
Antisemitism • Czechia
Segregation Wall in Ostrovany Enforcing Separation of Roma Residents
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Anti-Roma Protest and Collective Punishment in Šarišské Michalany
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
2008
Anti-Roma Riot in Litvínov-Janov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Assault in Benešov by a group of young neo-Nazis
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Beating of Roma Musician’s Son-in-law Zawada
Antigypsyism • Poland
Demolition of Roma Settlement in Prešov
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Gas-Pistol Attack on Roma Women in Holešov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Molotov attack on Broadway ticket office
Antisemitism • Hungary
Neo-Nazis Convicted in Gorzów Wielkopolski
Antisemitism • Poland
An organization called the National Guard in the Highlands identified and intimidated people of alleged Jewish origin in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands
Antisemitism • Czechia
The “Érpatak Model” of Local Governance
Antigypsyism • Hungary
2008–2009 neo-Nazi murders of Roma in Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
2007
Publication of Antisemitic Articles
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Attempted neo-Nazi march through Prague’s Jewish Quarter
Antisemitism • Czechia
Antisemitic threat emailed to Jewish Community of Prague
Antisemitism • Czechia
Establishment of the Hungarian Guard Movement
Antisemitism • Hungary
Establishment of the Hungarian Guard Movement
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Arson and Harassment in Bytom
Antigypsyism • Poland
Desecration of the Ghetto Fighters’ Monument
Antisemitism • Poland
Calls for attacks against Jews influencing politics on the discussion forum of the neo-Nazi organization White Justice
Antisemitism • Czechia
Bethlen Gábor Program of Jobbik
Antigypsyism • Hungary
2006
Gábor Vona becomes president of the Jobbik party
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Violent Clashes in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
Politician’s Antisemitic Abuse
Antisemitism • Poland
Terrorist plot targeting Prague’s Jewish Quarter
Antisemitism • Czechia
Violent Skinhead Attack on Roma Youth, Orlová-Lutyně
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Antisemitic Speech in Ursus
Antisemitism • Poland
Attack on the Chief Rabbi of Poland
Antisemitism • Poland
Racially Motivated Violence in Świebodzice
Antigypsyism • Poland
Launch of Kuruc.info
Antisemitism • Hungary
Launch of Kuruc.info
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Neo-Nazi calls for militant training against “ZOG”
Antisemitism • Czechia
2005
1991 – 2004
The Time of Democratization
The collapse of state socialism brought democratic freedoms but also enabled the re-emergence of antisemitism and antigypsyism across Central Europe. As economies and national identities were rebuilt, far-right subcultures, nationalist rhetoric, and historical revisionism gained ground, leading to street violence, symbolic attacks, and hostile public discourse. Jewish communities faced vandalism and Holocaust denial, while Roma communities experienced severe violence, segregation, and police abuse amid economic upheaval. Although minority-rights frameworks expanded, inconsistent enforcement allowed racialised exclusion to persist, revealing the fragility of new democracies in protecting vulnerable groups.
2004
Roma Music Festival Celebrates Identity
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Antisemitic Chants in Rzeszów
Antisemitism • Poland
Jewish Museum Opened in Prešov
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Hungary joins the European Union
Antisemitism • Hungary
Hungary Joins the EU
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Extremists March in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Opening of the Páva Street Holocaust Memorial Centre
Antisemitism • Hungary
UN Criticises Slovakia’s Roma Policies
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Riot in Trebišov Following Police Beating
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Memorial to Deportees Unveiled in Žilina
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Anti-Christian Outcry and Flag Burning: The 2004 Tilos Rádió Incident
Antisemitism • Hungary
2003
The establishment of the far-right political party Jobbik
Antisemitism • Hungary
the Establishment of the far-right political party Jobbik
Antigypsyism • Hungary
School Textbooks Revised
Antisemitism • Slovakia
European Court Accepts Roma Rights Case
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Housing Project in Rudňany Sparks Backlash
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Adoption of the Equal Treatment and Equal Opportunities Act
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Synagogue in Trnava Threatened with Demolition
Antisemitism • Slovakia
An attempted attack on a journalist during an anti-Semitic demonstration
Antisemitism • Czechia
Desecration of the Jewish Cemetery in Bánovce nad Bebravou
Antisemitism • Slovakia
2002
Roma Language Conference in Banská Bystrica
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Extremist Leader Repeats Blood Libel
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Eviction of Roma families in Paks and antigypsy protests from residents of neighbouring villages
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Jászladány School Segregation Case
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Jewish Cemetery in Košice Vandalized
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Government Condemns Holocaust Denial
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Roma Women Reveal Forced Sterilisations
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
2001
Swastika Vandalism in Miskolc
Antisemitism • Hungary
Roma Education Pilot Projects Launched
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Vandalism of Dzierżoniów Synagogue Ruins
Antisemitism • Poland
Murder of Oto Absolon in Svitavy
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Death of Karol Sendrei Sr. following Police Intervention
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Harassment of Holocaust Survivor Rudolf de Pellier
Antisemitism • Poland
Roma–Jewish Solidarity March
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Anti-Roma Rhetoric in Parliamentary Debate
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Czech-language Hezbollah propaganda website
Antisemitism • Czechia
Call for training in the fight against the so-called Z.O.G. in the former Soviet Union republics
Antisemitism • Czechia
2000
Home Invasion in Tarnów
Antigypsyism • Poland
Racist Skinhead Attack on Roma Family in Žilina
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Discovery of Mass Grave Ignored
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Antisemitic Abuse During March of the Living
Antisemitism • Poland
Street Assault in Białystok
Antigypsyism • Poland
Vandalism at the ‘Under the Eagle’ Pharmacy
Antisemitism • Poland
Swastika on the House of a Ghetto Fighter
Antisemitism • Poland
International Holocaust Remembrance Day Introduced
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1999
Attack on a Roma dance party in České Budějovice by neo-Nazi skinheads
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Roma Protest Police Brutality
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Arson in Krośnica
Antigypsyism • Poland
Kristallnacht Commemoration Disrupted
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Armed Assault in Białystok
Antigypsyism • Poland
Nowy Sącz Mob Violence
Antigypsyism • Poland
Distribution of Racist Flyers in Koszalin
Antisemitism • Poland
Establishment of the paramilitary organization Svatopluk’s Guards within the anti-Semitic association National Alliance
Antisemitism • Czechia
1998
Chorzów Stairwell Arson
Antigypsyism • Poland
First Roma Political Party Registered
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Damage to tombstones at the Jewish cemetery and the memorial to Jewish victims of the concentration camp in Trutnov
Antisemitism • Czechia
A Neo-Nazi knife attack on a young man of Jewish origin
Antisemitism • Czechia
Anti-Semitic threats and insults to journalists in the courthouse
Antisemitism • Czechia
Firebombing of Roma Home
Antigypsyism • Poland
Vandalism at the Roma Information and Counseling Center in Łódź
Antigypsyism • Poland
Conspiracy Posters in Bielsko-Biała
Antisemitism • Poland
Killing of Milan Lacko in Orlová
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Arson Attack in Sporysz
Antigypsyism • Poland
Violence in Ziębice
Antigypsyism • Poland
Żywiec Racial Attacks
Antigypsyism • Poland
Commemoration of the Slovak State Sparks Controversy
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Antisemitic Graffiti Campaign
Antisemitism • Poland
Campaign of Intimidation in Kęty
Antigypsyism • Poland
Neo-Nazi arson attack on a Roma family in Krnov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Organised Attacks in Brzeg
Antigypsyism • Poland
1997
Anti-Semitic insults, punches, and kicks in the center of Prague
Antisemitism • Czechia
Attempt to evict Roma in Székesfehérvár
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Eviction of Roma in Zámoly
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Court Fails to Sanction Antisemitic Speech
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Segregated graduation ceremony at a school in Tiszavasvári
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Skinhead Attack in Gyöngyös
Antisemitism • Hungary
Compensation Law for Holocaust Survivors
Antisemitism • Hungary
Neo-Nazi Parade in Szczecin
Antisemitism • Poland
Antisemitic Demonstration in Warsaw
Antisemitism • Poland
Fire in the Nożyk Synagogue
Antisemitism • Poland
First so-called Day of Honour event
Antisemitism • Hungary
Assault on Pregnant Woman in Zabrze
Antigypsyism • Poland
Legal Case Against Father Jankowski
Antisemitism • Poland
Antisemitic Assault on Bratislava Rabbi by Skinheads
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Municipal Anti-Roma Ordinances in Ňagov and Rokytovce
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1996
Bomb attack on Roma family home in Plavy
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Jewish Community Protests Historical Lies
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Racist speech of far-right politician Miroslav Sládek against Roma in the Czech parliament
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Bolesław Tejkowski Enters Auschwitz Memorial
Antisemitism • Poland
Discriminatory Policing and Raids
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1995
Molotov cocktail attack on Prague synagogue
Antisemitism • Czechia
Holocaust Denial in Media
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Hateful threats to a member of the Prague Jewish community signed by “Eichmann”
Antisemitism • Czechia
Racist Skinhead Rampage and Murder in Žiar nad Hronom
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Forced Evictions from Informal Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Skinhead Attack on a Roma Family in Gyöngyös
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Mass violent clash in Broumov between racist skinheads and several Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Koszalin Street Attack
Antigypsyism • Poland
Murder of Tibor Berki in Žďár nad Sázavou
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Attack on a Roma Charity Event in Kalocsa
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Arson at the Debrecen Synagogue
Antisemitism • Hungary
Antisemitic Hate Music and Holocaust Glorification
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1994
Firecracker attack on Jews outside Prague synagogue
Antisemitism • Czechia
Molotov Cocktail Attack on a Roma Family in Gyöngyös
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Arson attack on a Roma family in Jablonec nad Nisou
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Kraków Railway Station Assault
Antigypsyism • Poland
Skinhead Violence Targets Jewish Cemetery
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Burning of a Roma Camp in Kraków
Antigypsyism • Poland
1993
Roma young man Tibor Danihel drowned after a brutal attack by skinheads in Písek
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Reburial of Miklós Horthy in Kenderes
Antisemitism • Hungary
Slovak Independence and Exclusionary Nation-Building
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Foundation of MIÉP (Hungarian Justice and Life Party)
Antisemitism • Hungary
THE Adoption of the Law on the Rights of National and Ethnic Minorities
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Zine Aryan Fight (Árijský boj): symbolic connection of neo-Nazi skinheads with anti-Semitism in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Antisemitism • Czechia
Propaganda Campaign in Gdańsk
Antigypsyism • Poland
1992
Chorzów Anti-Roma Assault
Antigypsyism • Poland
Murder of Zoltán Danyi in Salgótarján
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Bytom Attacks on Roma Families
Antigypsyism • Poland
Arson Attack in Kétegyháza
Antigypsyism • Hungary
István Csurka’s Political Essay
Antisemitism • Hungary
Assault on Roma Encampment in Poznań
Antigypsyism • Poland
Mečiar’s Nationalist Rhetoric Gains Momentum
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Anti-Roma Political Narratives
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Threatening calls invoking the PFLP in Brno
Antisemitism • Czechia
Neo-Nazi zine Der Stürmer distributed in Brno
Antisemitism • Czechia
Organised Antisemitic Networks in Post-Communist Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1945 – 1991
The Time of Authoritarianism
After 1945, antisemitism and antigypsyism in Central Europe did not disappear but were reshaped under communist rule through surveillance, repression, and ideological control. Jewish communities faced postwar hostility, obstructed restitution, and later state-led “anti-Zionism” that marginalised Jewish identity, censored Holocaust memory, and subjected communal life to monitoring and purges. Roma communities experienced systematic discrimination through forced settlement, cultural erasure, segregated education, and racialised policing, justified as socialist “assimilation.” While regimes proclaimed equality and antifascism, both forms of racism were embedded in state institutions and everyday governance, leaving Jewish and Roma communities silenced, controlled, and vulnerable on the eve of democratic transition.
1991
The 1991 Budapest Airport bus bombing
Antisemitism • Hungary
Murder of Roma man Juraj Šarközy by Czech racist skinheads in Čerčany
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Rosh Hashanah attack
Antisemitism • Poland
Racist murder of a six-year-old Roma boy in Jičíněves, Radek Rudolf
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Death of Roma Josef Sztojka in Hradec Králové as a result of an attack by racist skinheads
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Mława Pogrom
Antigypsyism • Poland
Killing of Emil Bendik in Klatovy
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Týdeník Politika: antisemitic nationalist weekly
Antisemitism • Czechia
1990
Nitra Jewish Cemetery Desecration
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Skinhead Attack on Roma Residents in Eger
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Publication of Sándor Csoóri’s essay Daytime Moon
Antisemitism • Hungary
Attack by racist skinheads on a group of Roma in Děčín and subsequent riots
Antigypsyism • Czechia
István Csurka’s radio commentary titled “Wake up, Hungarians!”
Antisemitism • Hungary
Holocaust Denial and Relativisation in Far-Right Publishing
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Segregation of Roma Children into Special Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1989
Velvet Revolution and Jewish Renewal
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Velvet Revolution and Roma Mobilisation
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Proclamation of the Third Hungarian Republic
Antisemitism • Hungary
Hungarian Round Table Talks
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Forced relocations and the establishment of the Anti-Ghetto Committee
Antigypsyism • Hungary
1988
First Skinhead Demonstration
Antisemitism • Hungary
Antisemitic Propaganda Surge
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1987
1986
An explosive device detonated near Roma homes in Prague
Antigypsyism • Czechia
The emergence of racist skinheads in Česká Lípa and anti-Roma violence
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Action of the secret police StB called “Deflection-Aranka” against the Roma movement
Antigypsyism • Czechia
1984
Youngsters in Ostrava beat and obliterate Roma letters under the name “Union of Terrorist Youth.”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Neo-Nazi plot against Roma uncovered in Ústí nad Labem
Antigypsyism • Czechia
1983
Permit Denials for Synagogues
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Neo-Nazi assaults by Totenkopf group in Brno
Antisemitism • Czechia
Ban on Roma Language in Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Anti-Romani Hate Propaganda in Socialist Czechoslovakia
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1981
Martial Law in Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
Martial Law and Antisemitic Propaganda
Antisemitism • Poland
Oświęcim Pogrom
Antigypsyism • Poland
Riots in Konin
Antigypsyism • Poland
Albin Siwak speaks in Plenum
Antisemitism • Poland
Anti-Semitic cooperation between State Security and the Palestine Liberation Organization
Antisemitism • Czechia
Founding of Patriotic Union “Grunwald”
Antisemitism • Poland
1980
1979
1978
1975
1974
The 1974 Evaluation of the Stagnation and Ethnicization of the “CS-Housing” Program
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Statistics of “Gypsy crime”
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Population control in healthcare policy towards Roma
Antigypsyism • Hungary
1972
Employment Discrimination in State Enterprises
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Commencement of construction of a pig farm extending into the area of the former gypsy concentration camp in Lety u Písku
Antigypsyism • Czechia
1971
Coerced Sterilisation of Romani Women
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Forced police removal of Roma after the Strážnice festival
Antigypsyism • Czechia
“Action Spider”: surveillance of Jewish citizens
Antisemitism • Czechia
1970
Erasure of Holocaust History from Curriculum
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Roma Children Overrepresented in Special Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1968
Post-Prague Spring Emigration
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Roma Fear After the Prague Spring
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Ryszard Gontarz hate campaign
Antisemitism • Poland
Władysław Gomułka speech
Antisemitism • Poland
Władysław Gomułka Speech in 1968
Antisemitism • Poland
1967
Threatening inscription at Prague Jewish cemetery
Antisemitism • Czechia
Break with Israel
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Army Purge after the Six-Day War
Antisemitism • Poland
1965
Forced resettlement of Roma based on the government resolution “on measures to address issues of the Gypsy population.”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Emigration Restrictions
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Meeting of the Ministry of the Interior on Roma Assimilation
Antigypsyism • Poland
Ideological Marginalisation in the Hungarian Auschwitz Exhibition
Antisemitism • Hungary
1964
1961
1961 resolution of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Demolition of Memorial Sites
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Political Manipulation of the Eichmann Trial in Kádár-Era Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
1960
Antisemitic Atrocities and Sports Riots in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
Educational Segregation Normalised
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Antisemitic threats sent to state institutions
Antisemitism • Czechia
Antigypsyist and antisemitic graffiti in Nové Hrady
Antigypsyism • Czechia
1959
Police beating up the members of the Nail Smith Small-Scale Industrial Production Cooperative in a pub
Antigypsyism • Hungary
1958
Law mandating the permanent settlement of nomadic Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Law on Permanent Settlement of Nomads
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Monitoring Jewish Culture
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1957
Establishment of the Cultural Association of Gypsies in Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Diplomatic Hostility and the Suspension of Jewish Emigration
Antisemitism • Hungary
Secret Instruction of the Citizens’ Militia
Antigypsyism • Poland
1956
Miskolc Murders
Antisemitism • Hungary
Lynching in Hajdúnánás
Antisemitism • Hungary
New leadership in the Party
Antisemitism • Poland
Beginning of October ‘56
Antisemitism • Poland
Speech of Hilary Chełchowski
Antisemitism • Poland
Vigilante mob violence against Roma in Jiřice
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Censorship of Testimonies
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Anti-Jewish hostility in Lower Silesia
Antisemitism • Poland
1955
Introduction of “Black ID Cards”
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Forced bathings of Roma
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Media Stereotyping of Roma in State Press
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1954
1953
Anti-Zionist Show Trial in communist Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
State “Awareness Campaign”
Antigypsyism • Poland
Slánský Trial Impact
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1952
Slánský trial and antisemitic show trial rhetoric
Antisemitism • Czechia
State Surveillance of Roma Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic
Antisemitism • Poland
Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic
Antigypsyism • Poland
Dissolution of Zionist organisations and repression
Antisemitism • Czechia
Government Resolution No. 452/52: Forced Settlement of the Roma
Antigypsyism • Poland
Party Purges
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Forced Relocation to Urban Peripheries
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1951
Report of the Socio-Administrative Office
Antigypsyism • Poland
Surveillance of Jewish Intellectuals
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1950
Confiscation of Property
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Suppression of Roma Cultural Expression
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1948
Formation of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR)
Antisemitism • Poland
Establishment of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR)
Antigypsyism • Poland
Attack on a Synagogue in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
The acquittal of the former commander of the so-called Gypsy camp in Lety
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Beginning of Socialist Assimilation Policy
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Communist-Era Suppression of Jewish Community and Holocaust Memory in Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1947
Lack of Recognition in War Crimes Trials
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Antisemitic brawl after football match in Karlovy Vary
Antisemitism • Czechia
Formation of Jewish Union
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Suicide of Ejsik Weiss after antisemitic political speech
Antisemitism • Czechia
Forced Bathings in Hajdú County
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Quarantine and Forced Resettlement in Hajdúhadház
Antigypsyism • Hungary
1946
Act XXV on Condemning the Persecution of Hungarian Jewry
Antisemitism • Hungary
Partisan Congress Riots in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Antisemitic Mob Justice and Pogrom in Miskolc
Antisemitism • Hungary
Attempted lynching in Szolnok
Antisemitism • Hungary
Kielce Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
Antisemitic accusations and resettlement tensions in Mezőberény
Antisemitism • Hungary
Pogrom in Kunmadaras
Antisemitism • Hungary
Reopening of Jewish religious and communal institutions
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Murder of Jews in Krościenko
Antisemitism • Poland
Murders near Białka
Antisemitism • Poland
Murders in Waksmund
Antisemitism • Poland
Postwar Neglect of Roma Suffering
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Attempt to classify Roma detainees as wartime traitors
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Murders in Bielsk
Antisemitism • Poland
Introduction of restitution mechanisms
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Parczew Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
Trial of Ferenc Szálasi
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Trial of Ferenc Szálasi
Antisemitism • Hungary
Nationwide Blood-Libel Hysteria in Postwar Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
1939 – 1945
Times of War and Genocide
Between 1939 and 1945, antisemitism and antigypsyism across Central Europe were transformed into state-organised systems of persecution and genocide under Nazi occupation and collaborationist regimes. Jews were systematically stripped of rights, property, and livelihoods before being ghettoised, deported, and murdered in extermination camps, while Roma and Sinti were subjected to forced settlement, labour, internment, mass executions, and deportation as part of the Porajmos. These crimes were enabled not only by Nazi policy but also by local administrations, police forces, and societal participation, embedding racial violence into everyday governance. By the war’s end, Jewish life had been almost entirely destroyed and Roma communities devastated, leaving legacies of loss and trauma that would shape post-war marginalisation and memory across the region.
1945
Murders in Bolesławiec
Antisemitism • Poland
Memorandum of the Poznań Voivode
Antigypsyism • Poland
Anti-Jewish Pogrom in Topoľčany
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Kraków Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
Pogrom in Przedbórz
Antisemitism • Poland
Post-war property decree and discriminatory implementation
Antisemitism • Czechia
Liberation of the Theresienstadt ghetto
Antisemitism • Czechia
Evacuation transports to Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
“White Buses” rescue Scandinavian Jews
Antisemitism • Czechia
Liberation of Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Liberation of Roma Survivors
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Soviet occupation of Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
Soviet Occupation of Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Further arrivals in Theresienstadt after Sereď evacuation
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Murder in Czyżew
Antisemitism • Poland
Murder in Sokoły
Antisemitism • Poland
Várpalota massacre
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Palmnicken Massacre
Antisemitism • Poland
Massacre in Lajoskomárom
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Postwar Antisemitic Violence in Eastern Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1944
Transports of Slovak Jews to Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
Arrow Cross Massacres Against Jewish Hospitals in Buda
Antisemitism • Hungary
Massacre in Lengyel
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Establishment of the Budapest Ghetto
Antisemitism • Hungary
Deportation of Roma to Concentration Camps
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Deportation from Bicsérd
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Csillagerőd interment camp
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Mass Execution of Roma in Dubnica nad Váhom
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Forced Labour Under the Arrow Cross Regime
Antisemitism • Hungary
Executions on the Banks of the river Danube in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
Massacre in Jászkarajenő
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Massacre in Doboz
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Last major deportations to Auschwitz
Antisemitism • Slovakia
“Liquidation transports” from Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
Renewed deportations under German control (Einsatzgruppe H)
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Slovak National Uprising; German intervention
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Persecution of Roma after the Slovak National Uprising
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Establishment of the “gypsy” labour battalions
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Liquidation of the Auschwitz “Gypsy camp”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Liquidation of the Roma Camp (‘Zigeneurlager’) at Auschwitz-Birkenau
Antigypsyism • Poland
Deportation of Roma from Ondód
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Liberation of Majdanek
Antigypsyism • Poland
Final liquidation of the Theresienstadt Family Camp
Antisemitism • Czechia
Roma Resistance in Auschwitz-Birkenau
Antigypsyism • Poland
Deportations of Jews from Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
Gypsy Raids in Southern Transdanubia: Somogy, Baranya, and Veszprém
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Murder of 27 Roma by Polish Underground Forces
Antigypsyism • Poland
First Deportation Transports to Auschwitz
Antisemitism • Hungary
Ghettoisation IN Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
Liquidation of Extermination Camps
Antisemitism • Poland
Vrba–Wetzler escape and Auschwitz report
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Operation Margarethe
Antisemitism • Hungary
Operation Margarethe: Nazi Occupation of Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Liquidation of the Theresienstadt Family Camp
Antisemitism • Czechia
Mass Executions at Kremnička after the Slovak Uprising
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1943
Aktion Erntefest (‘Harvest Festival’)
Antisemitism • Poland
Transports to the Auschwitz-Birkenau “Family Camp”
Antisemitism • Czechia
Treblinka Death Camp Uprising
Antisemitism • Poland
Second mass murder of Gypsies in Auschwitz gas chambers
Antigypsyism • Poland
The Dorosic Hospital Fire
Antisemitism • Hungary
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Antisemitism • Poland
First mass murder of Gypsies in Auschwitz gas chamber
Antigypsyism • Poland
Liquidation of the Ghettos
Antisemitism • Poland
Correction to the Auschwitz decree
Antigypsyism • Poland
Segregation of Roma in Special Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Theresienstadt turned into a propaganda ghetto
Antisemitism • Czechia
Forced Labor in Bor
Antisemitism • Hungary
1942
Himmler orders deportation of Roma to Auschwitz
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Himmler’s “Auschwitz Decree” on the Roma
Antigypsyism • Poland
Meeting of Hitler, Bormann and Himmler regarding Gypsies
Antigypsyism • Poland
First Gypsies murdered in gas chamber of Auschwitz
Antigypsyism • Poland
First transport from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz-Birkenau
Antisemitism • Czechia
Deportations halted: ~24,000 Jews remain in Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Overcrowding and mass death in Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
Act XIV of 1942 legalizing the system of national defense (auxiliary) labor service
Antisemitism • Hungary
Law on the Israelite Religion
Antisemitism • Hungary
Order introducing racial segregation of Roma in the Protectorate
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Fourth Jewish Law
Antisemitism • Hungary
Forced Labour of Roma Men
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
The assassination of Reinhard Heydrich and the subsequent repression
Antisemitism • Czechia
Assassination of Heydrich and subsequent reprisals
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Expulsions of Roma from Slovak Cities
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
First official transport leaves Poprad for Auschwitz
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Launch of Aktion Reinhard
Antisemitism • Poland
Regulation introducing preventive police custody for Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Agreement enabling deportations signed
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Mass deportation wave from Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
First transports from Theresienstadt “to the East”
Antisemitism • Czechia
Novi Sad massacre
Antisemitism • Hungary
Mass Murder of Roma in Chełmno
Antigypsyism • Poland
Labour camps converted into assembly camps
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Local Massacres and Deportations of Roma in Southern Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
Jewish Labour Service at the Don
Antisemitism • Hungary
1941
First Use of Gas for Mass Killing at Chełmno
Antisemitism • Poland
Establishment of forced labour & concentration camps in Sereď, Nováky and Vyhne
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Establishment of Theresienstadt ghetto and transit camp
Antisemitism • Czechia
Creation of the Ghettos for Roma
Antigypsyism • Poland
Deportation of Roma and Sinti from Lackenbach to the Łódź Ghetto
Antigypsyism • Poland
First deportations from the Protectorate to ghettos
Antisemitism • Czechia
Nazi officials discuss deportation of Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Execution of Roma in Brno under martial law
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Reinhard Heydrich appointed Deputy Reich Protector
Antisemitism • Czechia
Reinhard Heydrich appointed Deputy Reich Protector
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Jewish Codex implemented
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Racial Laws and Labour Restrictions on Roma
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Mandatory wearing of the yellow star
Antisemitism • Czechia
Third Jewish Law
Antisemitism • Hungary
Rounding up, expulsion, and deportation of Jews without Hungarian citizenship to Ukraine
Antisemitism • Hungary
Jedwabne Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
Radziłów Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
Szczuczyn Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
Roma Forced to Wear Distinctive Badges
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Systematic Destruction of Jewish Memorials in Wartime Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
1940
Hungary Joins the Axis Powers
Antisemitism • Hungary
Hungary Joins the Axis Powers
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Slovakia joins the Axis (Tripartite Pact)
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Creation of the Jewish Center (Ústredňa Židov)
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Hungarian Annexation of Northern Transylvania
Antisemitism • Hungary
Hungarian Annexation of Northern Transylvania
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Labour camps established at Lety u Písku and Hodonín u Kunštátu
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Jewish students banned from public schools
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Introduction of the National Register of Gypsies
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Ban on Roma Using Public Transport
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Gestapo prison established in Terezín
Antisemitism • Czechia
Gestapo police prison established in Terezín
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Creation of labour camp in Bełżec
Antigypsyism • Poland
Restrictions on Roma Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Easter Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
Order intensifying Roma “settlement actions”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Jewish doctors and lawyers banned
Antisemitism • Slovakia
“J” marking in identity documents
Antisemitism • Czechia
Forced Registration and Racial Classification of Roma
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
1939
Establishment of the General Government
Antisemitism • Poland
Protectorate bans nomadic life for Roma and Sinti
Antigypsyism • Czechia
First Roma Employment Restrictions
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Annexation of the Warthegau
Antisemitism • Poland
Establishment of the General Government
Antigypsyism • Poland
Creation of the First Ghettos
Antisemitism • Poland
Aktion Nisko: planning and first deportations
Antisemitism • Czechia
“Action Nisko” Deportations
Antisemitism • Poland
Registration of the Jewish population
Antisemitism • Czechia
Heydrich’s Order for Racial Segregation
Antisemitism • Poland
Beginning of Racial Segregation
Antigypsyism • Poland
German Invasion of Poland
Antisemitism • Poland
First Executions of Polish Jews
Antisemitism • Poland
German Invasion of Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
Start of segregation of “Aryan” and Jewish populations
Antisemitism • Czechia
Establishment of the Central Office for Jewish Emigration
Antisemitism • Czechia
Regulation on the Aryanisation of Jewish Property
Antisemitism • Czechia
Anti-Jewish Laws of Hungary between 1938-1944
Antisemitism • Hungary
Protectorate adopts disciplinary labour camp regulation
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Hungarian Annexation of Slovakia and Persecution of Roma
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Appointment of Konstantin von Neurath as Reich Protector
Antisemitism • Czechia
Konstantin von Neurath appointed Reich Protector
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Declaration of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Antisemitism • Czechia
Proclamation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Foundation of the Arrow Cross Party
Antigypsyism • Hungary
Occupation of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany
Antisemitism • Czechia
German occupation of Czechoslovakia
Antigypsyism • Czechia
Establishment of the Slovak State
Antisemitism • Slovakia
Establishment of the Slovak State
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
Defence of the Nation Act
Antisemitism • Hungary
Government regulation establishing disciplinary labour camps
Antigypsyism • Czechia
First Anti-Jewish Measures
Antisemitism • Slovakia
First Executions of Roma in Occupied Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
Acceleration of Aryanisation and property confiscation
Antisemitism • Slovakia
FROM MEMORY TO MONITORING
You’ve explored the past – now see how history is connected to the present. View recent incidents of antisemitism and antigypsyism across Central Europe.