Explore the roots of antisemitism and antigypsyism in Central Europe.
This interactive timeline is divided into four historical periods and allows you to move through time by scrolling or by jumping to a specific period, filter events by country, and view short descriptions by hovering over each event, with selected entries offering more detailed historical context.
EXPLORE THE PAST
2004 – 2024
The European Union
Across 2004–2024, antisemitism and antigypsyism in Central Europe persisted and adapted despite EU accession, shifting from overt violence toward politicised discourse, institutional discrimination, and digitally mediated hate. While legal frameworks and inclusion strategies expanded, weak enforcement enabled far-right actors, populist narratives, and online networks to normalise conspiracy theories, historical revisionism, and collective blame. Jewish and Roma communities continued to face symbolic attacks on memory sites, segregation in housing and education, police abuse, and renewed scapegoating during crises such as migration, COVID-19, and military conflicts—revealing a persistent gap between formal commitments to equality and lived experience.
2024
Adoption of Hungary’s National Strategy Against Antisemitism
Antisemitism • Hungary
June
Attempted Arson of Nożyk Synagogue
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Expansion of Decent Housing Campaign in Banská Bystrica
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
February
Arson attack attempt at synagogue in Brno
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Desecration of Holocaust Memorial in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
2023
Threat to Bomb the Sejm
Antisemitism • Poland
December
Attack on Hanukkah Menorah in Parliament
Antisemitism • Poland
December
Anti-Israel Demonstration in Warsaw
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Fear-mongering in Polgár (Hajdú-Bihar County)
Antigypsyism • Hungary
September
Criminal Complaints Against Anti‑Roma Online Hate Speech in Slovakia
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
September
Antigypsy Demonstration at Venyige Street Prison
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
UN Criticises Slovakia for Roma Rights
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
August
Distribution of Antisemitic Flyers
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Roma Children Taught in Containers in Krompachy
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
2022
A hate symbol in Brno connecting prejudices against Jews and Ukrainians
Antisemitism • Czechia
November
Desecration of Jewish Cemetery in Bardejov
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
Death of Roma Teenager in Custody
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
October
Antisemitic Ideology Linked to Bratislava LGBT+ Bar Attack
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
Vandalism at the Frankel Leó Street Synagogue
Antisemitism • Hungary
August
Hate Speech by Politicians During Elections
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
Online Harassment of Jewish Activists
Antisemitism • Slovakia
February
2021
Beating in Opoczno
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
Roma Denied Housing in Spišská Nová Ves
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
December
Burning of the Statute of Kalisz
Antisemitism • Poland
November
Antisemitic Chants During Far-Right Rally
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
Roma Children Segregated in Primary Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
September
Antisemitic targeting of a synagogue inauguration in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
August
Antisemitism at Anti-Vaccine March
Antisemitism • Poland
July
Young Neo-Nazis plan to attack the Israeli Embassy in Prague
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Online threats against Jewish figures by the National Resistance Council (NOR)
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
2020
Display of SS Symbol in Leányfalu
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Destruction of Roma Holocaust Memorial, Budapest
Antigypsyism • Hungary
June
Attack on Bratislava Jewish Cultural Center
Antisemitism • Slovakia
June
Antigypsy Demonstration in Deák Square, Budapest
Antigypsyism • Hungary
May
Racialised Media Coverage of Roma and COVID-19
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
May
Hate-Motivated Attack on Roma Home, Hradec KrálovéHate
Antigypsyism • Czechia
April
Antisemitic COVID-19 Conspiracies Spread
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Militarised COVID-19 Lockdowns of Roma Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
Prime Minister Viktor Orbán publicly questioned a court ruling regarding state compensation for segregated Roma pupils
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
2019
Antisemitic incident in a social institution
Antisemitism • Hungary
December
Desecration of the Jewish Cemetery in Námestovo
Antisemitism • Slovakia
December
Rajec Jewish Cemetery Desecration
Antisemitism • Slovakia
December
Antisemitic and Anti-Israel Posters in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
November
Desecration of Jewish Cemetery in Žilina
Antisemitism • Slovakia
November
Police Brutality in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Police Instruction on Handling Hate Crimes
Antisemitism • Hungary
August
Police Instruction on Handling Hate Crimes
Antigypsyism • Hungary
July
Protest Against U.S. Act 447
Antisemitism • Poland
May
Roma Woman Wins Discrimination Case
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
May
Attack on Roma Children in Lipník nad Bečvou
Antigypsyism • Czechia
April
Daniel Bombic’s Online Antisemitism on the DKX Telegram Channel
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
2018
Threatening antisemitic email ruled “not criminal”
Antisemitism • Czechia
December
Foundation of Mi Hazánk Mozgalom
Antisemitism • Hungary
June
Foundation of Mi Hazánk Mozgalom
Antigypsyism • Hungary
June
Attack on a Rabbi in Árkád shopping mall
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
Vandalism on Holocaust Remembrance Day
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
ECtHR Condemns Slovakia for Police Abuse
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
Threat to “Shoot Down” Roma Settlement Inspired by Breivik
Antigypsyism • Czechia
January
2017
Calls to send Jews, Roma, and homosexuals to the gas chambers in the parliamentary restaurant by a far-right politician
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Anti-Roma ‘Work Camps’ Proposal
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
October
Gross anti-Semitic insults and calls to expel Jews in connection with debates on the renovation of the Jewish cemetery in Prostějov
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Jewish Community Threatened During Public Rally
Antisemitism • Slovakia
August
The Anti-Soros Campaign
Antisemitism • Hungary
June
False announcement that Jews were killed, coupled with threats of further violence
Antisemitism • Czechia
May
The joy of killing Jews was expressed by jihadist foreign fighter Omar Shehadeh, originally from the Czech Republic
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
2016
Calls to kill Roma after Romani musician’s anti-racist protest
Antigypsyism • Czechia
November
Attack on Roma Settlement in Gdańsk
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
Antisemitic Sermon by Priest Jacek Międlar
Antisemitism • Poland
April
ĽSNS Enters Parliament
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
ĽSNS Enters Parliament
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
Extremist Train Patrols Targeting Roma Passengers
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
2015
2014
Harassment and Assault in Kędzierzyn-Koźle
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
Rise of Kotlebovci in Regional Politics
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
November
Violent Assault on Roma Public Workers in Heves County
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Memorial for victims of the German occupation and the Living Memorial initiative
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Violent Incidents in Andrychów
Antigypsyism • Poland
June
Forced Evictions in Miskolc’s “Numbered Streets”
Antigypsyism • Hungary
May
Brutal Beating in Leszno Park
Antigypsyism • Poland
April
Protest Against Visiting Knesset Delegation
Antisemitism • Poland
January
2013
Anti-Gypsy Demonstration in Zabrze
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
Open Support for Holocaust Denial by Far-Right Party
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
Attack Against Roma Family in Zabrze
Antigypsyism • Poland
October
The failure of the House of Fates project
Antisemitism • Hungary
September
Violence during the anti-Roma rally in Duchcov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
June
Police Raid Against Roma Community in Moldava nad Bodvou
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
June
Prime Minister Orbán declares a policy of zero tolerance against antisemitism
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Construction of Segregation Wall in Košice
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
2012
Jobbik MP calls for list of Jews in Parliament
Antisemitism • Hungary
November
Group Assault on Roma Families in Wrocław
Antigypsyism • Poland
November
Public Humiliation in Wrocław Milk Bar
Antigypsyism • Poland
November
Journalist assaulted with antisemitic abuse
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
The far-right organized an anti-Roma demonstration in Devecser
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Attack on Holocaust Memorial in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
May
Anti-Roma protest in Břeclav after a false accusation
Antigypsyism • Czechia
April
Antisemitic Banner in Katowice
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Attempted Arson in Wrocław
Antigypsyism • Poland
March
Aš Arson Attack by Blood & Honour and Combat 18 Members
Antigypsyism • Czechia
February
Racially Motivated Shooting in Hurbanovo
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
2011
The National Social Inclusion Strategy
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
Antisemitic assault in a Budapest pub
Antisemitism • Hungary
November
Molotov cocktail Attack in Krośnica
Antigypsyism • Poland
October
Wave of Racist Abuse in Siemianowice Śląskie
Antigypsyism • Poland
October
Organised Assault by Hooligans in Krosno
Antigypsyism • Poland
September
Anti-Roma Riot in Varnsdorf, Šluknov Region
Antigypsyism • Czechia
September
Molotov Attack on Roma Home in Krty
Antigypsyism • Czechia
August
Arson Attack on Roma Flat in Býchory
Antigypsyism • Czechia
July
Adoption of the New Fundamental Law
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
Adoption of the New ‘Fundamental Law’
Antigypsyism • Hungary
April
Patrolling in Gyöngyöspata
Antigypsyism • Hungary
March
2010
Limanowa Riots
Antigypsyism • Poland
July
Segregated Housing Project in Letanovce
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
Antisemitic Hate Speech by Extremist Politician
Antisemitism • Slovakia
February
2009
Arson attack at the Roma in Vítkov: two-year-old girl seriously injured
Antigypsyism • Czechia
April
Swastikas Painted on Synagogue in Trnava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Calls to kill Jews during a sermon in the Brno mosque
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Segregation Wall in Ostrovany Enforcing Separation of Roma Residents
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
Anti-Roma Protest and Collective Punishment in Šarišské Michalany
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
2008
Mass anti-Roma riots in Litvínov – Janov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
November
Assault in Benešov by a group of young neo-Nazis
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
Beating of Roma Musician’s Son-in-law Zawada
Antigypsyism • Poland
July
Demolition of Roma Settlement in Prešov
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
June
Gas-Pistol Attack on Roma Women in Holešov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
April
Molotov attack on Broadway ticket office
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
Neo-Nazis Convicted in Gorzów Wielkopolski
Antisemitism • Poland
February
An organization called the National Guard in the Highlands identified and intimidated people of alleged Jewish origin in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands
Antisemitism • Czechia
February
The “Érpatak Model” of Local Governance
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
Nationwide Anti-Roma Serial Killings
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
2007
Publication of Antisemitic Articles
Antisemitism • Slovakia
November
Attempted neo-Nazi march through Prague’s Jewish Quarter
Antisemitism • Czechia
November
Antisemitic threat emailed to Jewish Community of Prague
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Establishment of the Hungarian Guard Movement
Antisemitism • Hungary
August
Establishment of the Hungarian Guard Movement
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Arson and Harassment in Bytom
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
Desecration of the Ghetto Fighters’ Monument
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Calls for attacks against Jews influencing politics on the discussion forum of the neo-Nazi organization White Justice
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Bethlen Gábor Program of Jobbik
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
2006
Gábor Vona becomes president of the Jobbik party
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
Violent Clashes in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
Politician’s Antisemitic Abuse
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Alleged Jihadi plot to attack Jewish visitors and objects in Old Town Prague
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Violent Skinhead Attack on Roma Youth in Orlová-Lutyně
Antigypsyism • Czechia
September
Antisemitic Speech in Ursus
Antisemitism • Poland
June
Attack on the Chief Rabbi of Poland
Antisemitism • Poland
May
Racially Motivated Violence in Świebodzice
Antigypsyism • Poland
March
Launch of Kuruc.info
Antisemitism • Hungary
February
Launch of Kuruc.info
Antigypsyism • Hungary
February
Whitecop from the Nordfront calls for training in the fight against the so-called Z.O.G. in the former Soviet Union republics
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
2005
1991 – 2004
The Time of Democratization
The collapse of state socialism brought democratic freedoms but also enabled the re-emergence of antisemitism and antigypsyism across Central Europe. As economies and national identities were rebuilt, far-right subcultures, nationalist rhetoric, and historical revisionism gained ground, leading to street violence, symbolic attacks, and hostile public discourse. Jewish communities faced vandalism and Holocaust denial, while Roma communities experienced severe violence, segregation, and police abuse amid economic upheaval. Although minority-rights frameworks expanded, inconsistent enforcement allowed racialised exclusion to persist, revealing the fragility of new democracies in protecting vulnerable groups.
2004
Roma Music Festival Celebrates Identity
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
July
Antisemitic Chants in Rzeszów
Antisemitism • Poland
June
Jewish Museum Opened in Prešov
Antisemitism • Slovakia
May
Hungary joins the European Union
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Hungary Joins the EU
Antigypsyism • Hungary
May
Extremists March in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Opening of the Páva Street Holocaust Memorial Centre
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
UN Criticises Slovakia’s Roma Policies
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
Riot in Trebišov Following Police Beating
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
February
Memorial to Deportees Unveiled in Žilina
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
Anti-Christian Outcry and Flag Burning at Tilos Rádió
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
2003
The establishment of the far-right political party, Jobbik
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
the Establishment of the far-right political party Jobbik
Antigypsyism • Hungary
October
School Textbooks Revised
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
European Court Accepts Roma Rights Case
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
August
Housing Project in Rudňany Sparks Backlash
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
June
Adoption of the Equal Treatment and Equal Opportunities Act
Antigypsyism • Hungary
March
Synagogue in Trnava Threatened with Demolition
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
An attempted attack on a journalist during an anti-Semitic demonstration
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Desecration of the Jewish Cemetery in Bánovce nad Bebravou
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
2002
Roma Language Conference in Banská Bystrica
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
October
Extremist Leader Repeats Blood Libel
Antisemitism • Slovakia
September
Anti-Roma protests against the resettlement of Roma evicted from Paks
Antigypsyism • Hungary
September
Jászladány School Segregation Case
Antigypsyism • Hungary
July
Desecration of the Jewish Cemetery in Košice
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Government Condemns Holocaust Denial
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Roma Women Reveal Forced Sterilisations
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
February
2001
Swastika Vandalism in Miskolc
Antisemitism • Hungary
November
Roma Education Pilot Projects Launched
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
November
Vandalism of Dzierżoniów Synagogue Ruins
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Murder of Roma Oto Absolon by a nazi-skinhead in Svitavy
Antigypsyism • Czechia
July
Death of Karol Sendrei Sr. following Police Intervention
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
July
Harassment of Holocaust Survivor Rudolf de Pellier
Antisemitism • Poland
June
Roma–Jewish Solidarity March
Antisemitism • Slovakia
May
Anti-Roma Rhetoric in Parliamentary Debate
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
Call for training in the fight against the so-called Z.O.G. in the former Soviet Union republics
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Czech-language Hezbollah propaganda website
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
2000
Home Invasion in Tarnów
Antigypsyism • Poland
August
Racist Skinhead Attack on Roma Family in Žilina
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
August
Discovery of Mass Grave Ignored
Antisemitism • Slovakia
June
Antisemitic Abuse During March of the Living
Antisemitism • Poland
May
Street Assault in Białystok
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
Vandalism at the ‘Under the Eagle’ Pharmacy
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Swastika on the house of Marek Edelman, Ghetto Fighter
Antisemitism • Poland
March
International Holocaust Remembrance Day Introduced
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1999
Attack on a Roma dance party in České Budějovice by neo-Nazi skinheads
Antigypsyism • Czechia
November
Roma Protest Police Brutality
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
November
Arson in Krośnica
Antigypsyism • Poland
November
Kristallnacht Commemoration Disrupted
Antisemitism • Slovakia
November
Armed Assault in Białystok
Antigypsyism • Poland
June
Nowy Sącz Mob Violence
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
Distribution of Racist Flyers in Koszalin
Antisemitism • Poland
February
Establishment of the paramilitary organization Svatopluk’s Guards within the anti-Semitic association National Alliance
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
1998
Chorzów Stairwell Arson
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
First Roma Political Party Registered
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
December
Damage to tombstones at the Jewish cemetery and the memorial to Jewish victims of the concentration camp in Trutnov
Antisemitism • Czechia
November
A Neo-Nazi knife attack on a young man of Jewish origin
Antisemitism • Czechia
November
Anti-Semitic threats and insults to journalists in the courthouse
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Firebombing of Roma Home
Antigypsyism • Poland
September
Vandalism at the Roma Information and Counseling Center in Łódź
Antigypsyism • Poland
July
Conspiracy Posters in Bielsko-Biała
Antisemitism • Poland
July
Killing of Milan Lacko in Orlová
Antigypsyism • Czechia
May
Arson Attack in Sporysz
Antigypsyism • Poland
April
Violence in Ziębice
Antigypsyism • Poland
April
Żywiec Racial Attacks
Antigypsyism • Poland
April
Commemoration of the Slovak State Sparks Controversy
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
Antisemitic Graffiti Campaign
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Campaign of Intimidation in Kęty
Antigypsyism • Poland
March
Neo-Nazi arson attack on a Roma family in Krnov
Antigypsyism • Czechia
January
Organised Attacks in Brzeg
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
1997
Anti-Semitic insults, punches, and kicks in the center of Prague
Antisemitism • Czechia
November
Eviction of Roma in Zámoly
Antigypsyism • Hungary
October
Attempt to evict Roma in Székesfehérvár
Antigypsyism • Hungary
October
Court Fails to Sanction Antisemitic Speech
Antisemitism • Slovakia
June
Segregated graduation ceremony at a school in Tiszavasvári
Antigypsyism • Hungary
June
Skinhead Attack in Gyöngyös
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Compensation Law for Holocaust Survivors
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Neo-Nazi Parade in Szczecin
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Antisemitic Demonstration in Warsaw
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Fire in the Nożyk Synagogue
Antisemitism • Poland
February
First commemoration of the Day of Honor
Antisemitism • Hungary
February
Assault on Pregnant Woman in Zabrze
Antigypsyism • Poland
February
Legal Case Against Father Jankowski
Antisemitism • Poland
January
Antisemitic Assault on Bratislava Rabbi by Skinheads
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
Municipal Anti-Roma Ordinances in Ňagov and Rokytovce
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
1996
Bomb attack on Roma family home in Plavy
Antigypsyism • Czechia
November
Jewish Community Protests Historical Lies
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
Racist speech of far-right politician Miroslav Sládek against Roma in the Czech parliament
Antigypsyism • Czechia
July
Bolesław Tejkowski Enters Auschwitz Memorial
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Discriminatory Policing and Raids
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
1995
Molotov cocktail attack on Prague synagogue
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Holocaust Denial in Media
Antisemitism • Slovakia
September
Hateful threats to a member of the Prague Jewish community signed by “Eichmann”
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Racist Skinhead Rampage and Murder in Žiar nad Hronom
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
July
Forced Evictions from Informal Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
July
Skinhead Attack on a Roma Family in Gyöngyös
Antigypsyism • Hungary
July
Mass violent clash in Broumov between racist skinheads and several Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
July
Koszalin Street Attack
Antigypsyism • Poland
June
A Romani father was murdered in his apartment in Ždár nad Sázavou while defending his family from racist skinheads
Antigypsyism • Czechia
May
Attack on a Roma Charity Event in Kalocsa
Antigypsyism • Hungary
May
Arson at the Debrecen Synagogue
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
Antisemitic Hate Music and Holocaust Glorification
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1994
Firecracker attack on Jews outside Prague synagogue
Antisemitism • Czechia
December
Molotov Cocktail Attack on a Roma Family in Gyöngyös
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
Arson attack on a Roma family in Jablonec nad Nisou
Antigypsyism • Czechia
July
Kraków Railway Station Assault
Antigypsyism • Poland
July
Skinhead Violence Targets Jewish Cemetery
Antisemitism • Slovakia
May
Burning of a Roma Camp in Kraków
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
1993
Roma young man Tibor Danihel drowned after a brutal attack by skinheads in Písek
Antigypsyism • Czechia
September
Reburial of Miklós Horthy in Kenderes
Antisemitism • Hungary
September
Slovak Independence and Exclusionary Nation-Building
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
September
Foundation of MIÉP (Hungarian Justice and Life Party)
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
THE Adoption of the Law on the Rights of National and Ethnic Minorities
Antigypsyism • Hungary
July
Zine Aryan Fight (Árijský boj): symbolic connection of neo-Nazi skinheads with anti-Semitism in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Propaganda Campaign in Gdańsk
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
1992
Chorzów Anti-Roma Assault
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
Murder of Zoltán Danyi in Salgótarján
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
Bytom Attacks on Roma Families
Antigypsyism • Poland
October
Arson Attack in Kétegyháza
Antigypsyism • Hungary
September
István Csurka’s Political Essay
Antisemitism • Hungary
August
Assault on Roma Encampment in Poznań
Antigypsyism • Poland
March
Antisemitic Narratives in Mečiar-Era Nationalist Politics
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
Anti-Roma Political Narratives
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
February
Neo-Nazi zine Der Stürmer distributed in Brno
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Threatening calls invoking the PFLP in Brno
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Organised Antisemitic Networks in Post-Communist Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1945 – 1991
The Time of Authoritarianism
After 1945, antisemitism and antigypsyism in Central Europe did not disappear but were reshaped under communist rule through surveillance, repression, and ideological control. Jewish communities faced postwar hostility, obstructed restitution, and later state-led “anti-Zionism” that marginalised Jewish identity, censored Holocaust memory, detroyed careers and forced to emigration[JW1.1]. Roma communities experienced systematic discrimination through forced settlement, cultural erasure, segregated education, and racialised policing, justified as socialist “assimilation.” While regimes proclaimed equality and antifascism, both forms of racism were embedded in state institutions and everyday governance, leaving Jewish and Roma communities silenced, controlled, and vulnerable on the eve of democratic transition.
1991
The 1991 Budapest Airport bus bombing
Antisemitism • Hungary
December
Murder of Roma man Juraj Šarközy by Czech racist skinheads in Čerčany
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
Rosh Hashanah attack
Antisemitism • Poland
September
Racist murder of a six-year-old Roma boy in Jičíněves, Radek Rudolf
Antigypsyism • Czechia
August
Death of Roma Josef Sztojka in Hradec Králové as a result of an attack by racist skinheads
Antigypsyism • Czechia
August
Mława Pogrom
Antigypsyism • Poland
June
Killing of Emil Bendik in Klatovy
Antigypsyism • Czechia
February
Magazine Týdeník politika (Weekly Politics) lays the ground for hatred against Jews
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
1990
Nitra Jewish Cemetery Desecration
Antisemitism • Slovakia
November
Skinhead Attack on Roma Residents in Eger
Antigypsyism • Hungary
September
Publication of Sándor Csoóri’s essay Daytime Moon
Antisemitism • Hungary
September
Attack by racist skinheads on a group of Roma in Děčín and subsequent riots
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
István Csurka’s Radio Commentary Titled “Wake Up, Hungarian People!”
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
Holocaust Denial and Relativisation in Far-Right Publishing
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
Segregation of Roma Children into Special Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
1989
Velvet Revolution and Jewish Renewal
Antisemitism • Slovakia
November
Velvet Revolution and Roma Mobilisation
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
November
The Proclamation of the Third Republic of Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
The 1989 National Round Table Talks
Antigypsyism • Hungary
March
The establishment of the Anti-Ghetto Committee
Antigypsyism • Hungary
February
1988
First Skinhead Demonstration
Antisemitism • Hungary
March
Antisemitic Propaganda Surge
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1987
1986
An explosive device detonated near Roma homes in Prague
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
The emergence of racist skinheads in Česká Lípa and anti-Roma violence
Antigypsyism • Czechia
September
Action of the secret police StB called “Deflection-Aranka” against the Roma movement
Antigypsyism • Czechia
January
1984
Youngsters in Ostrava beat and obliterate Roma letters under the name “Union of Terrorist Youth”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
Neo-Nazi plot against Roma uncovered in Ústí nad Labem
Antigypsyism • Czechia
January
1983
Permit Denials for Synagogues
Antisemitism • Slovakia
November
A neo-Nazi group, Totenkopf, planned to beat up Jews in the streets
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Ban on Roma Language in Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
Anti-Romani Hate Propaganda in Socialist Czechoslovakia
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
1981
Martial Law in Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
Martial Law and Antisemitic Propaganda
Antisemitism • Poland
December
Oświęcim Pogrom
Antigypsyism • Poland
October
Riots in Konin
Antigypsyism • Poland
September
Albin Siwak speaks in Plenum
Antisemitism • Poland
June
Anti-Semitic elements in cooperation between State Security and the Palestine Liberation Organization
Antisemitism • Czechia
June
Founding of Patriotic Union “Grunwald”
Antisemitism • Poland
March
1980
1979
1978
1975
1974
The Ethnic Dimensions of the “CS-Housing” Program
Antigypsyism • Hungary
May
Using public health measures to influence the birth rates of Roma women
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
Statistics of “Gypsy crime”
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
1972
Employment Discrimination in State Enterprises
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
July
Commencement of construction of a pig farm extending into the area of the former gypsy concentration camp in Lety u Písku
Antigypsyism • Czechia
January
1971
Coerced Sterilisation of Romani Women
Antigypsyism • Czechia
December
Forced police removal of Roma after the Strážnice festival
Antigypsyism • Czechia
June
“Action Spider”: surveillance of Jewish citizens
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
1970
Erasure of Holocaust History from Curriculum
Antisemitism • Slovakia
February
Roma Children Overrepresented in Special Schools
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
February
1968
Post-Prague Spring Emigration
Antisemitism • Slovakia
August
Roma Fear After the Prague Spring
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
August
Ryszard Gontarz hate campaign
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Władysław Gomułka speech
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Władysław Gomułka Speech in 1968
Antisemitism • Poland
March
1967
Threatening inscription at Prague Jewish cemetery
Antisemitism • Czechia
July
Break with Israel
Antisemitism • Slovakia
June
Army Purge after the Six-Day War
Antisemitism • Poland
June
1965
Forced resettlement of Roma based on the government resolution “on measures to address issues of the Gypsy population”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
Emigration Restrictions
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
Meeting of the Ministry of the Interior on Roma Assimilation
Antigypsyism • Poland
March
Ideological Marginalisation in the Hungarian Auschwitz Exhibition
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
1964
1961
1961 resolution of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party
Antigypsyism • Hungary
June
Demolition of Memorial Sites
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
Political Manipulation of the Eichmann Trial in Kádár-Era Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
1960
Antisemitic Atrocities and Sports Riots in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
September
Educational Segregation Normalised
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
Antisemitic threats sent to state institutions
Antisemitism • Czechia
March
Antigypsyist and antisemitic graffiti in Nové Hrady
Antigypsyism • Czechia
January
1959
Police beating up the members of the Nail Smith Small-Scale Industrial Production Cooperative in a pub
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
1958
Law mandating the permanent settlement of nomadic Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
Forced Sedentarisation of Roma under Law No. 74/1958
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
July
Monitoring Jewish Culture
Antisemitism • Slovakia
June
1957
Establishment of the Cultural Association of Gypsies in Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
October
Diplomatic Hostility and the Suspension of Jewish Emigration
Antisemitism • Hungary
June
Secret Instruction of the Citizens’ Militia
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
1956
Murders in Miskolc
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
Lynching in Hajdúnánás
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
New leadership in the Party
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Beginning of October ‘56
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Speech of Hilary Chełchowski
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Vigilante mob violence against Roma in Jiřice
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
Censorship of Testimonies
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
Anti-Jewish hostility in Lower Silesia
Antisemitism • Poland
January
1955
Introduction of “Black ID Cards”
Antigypsyism • Hungary
June
Forced bathings of Roma
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
antigypsyist Stereotyping in State-controlled media
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
1954
1953
Anti-Zionist Show Trial in communist Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
State “Awareness Campaign”
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
Slánský Trial Impact
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1952
Anti-Semitic elements in the trial of the so-called anti-state conspiracy center headed by Rudolf Stránský
Antisemitism • Czechia
November
State Surveillance of Roma Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
August
Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic
Antisemitism • Poland
July
Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic
Antigypsyism • Poland
July
Dissolution of Zionist organisations and repression
Antisemitism • Czechia
July
Government Resolution No. 452/52: Forced Settlement of the Roma
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
Party Purges
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
Forced Relocation of roma to Urban Peripheries
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
1951
Report of the Socio-Administrative Office
Antigypsyism • Poland
February
Surveillance of Jewish Intellectuals
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1950
Confiscation of Property
Antisemitism • Slovakia
July
Suppression of Roma Cultural Expression
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
May
1948
Formation of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR)
Antisemitism • Poland
December
Establishment of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR)
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
Attack on a Synagogue in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
December
The acquittal of the former commander of the so-called Gypsy camp in Lety
Antigypsyism • Czechia
September
Beginning of Socialist Assimilation Policy
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
February
Communist-Era Suppression of Holocaust Memory in Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1947
Lack of Recognition in War Crimes Trials
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
October
Antisemitic brawl after football match in Karlovy Vary
Antisemitism • Czechia
August
Formation of Jewish Union
Antisemitism • Slovakia
June
Suicide of Ejsik Weiss after antisemitic political speech
Antisemitism • Czechia
March
Forced Bathings in Hajdú County
Antigypsyism • Hungary
February
Quarantine and Forced Resettlement in Hajdúhadház
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
1946
Act XXV on Condemning the Persecution of Hungarian Jewry
Antisemitism • Hungary
November
Partisan Congress Riots in Bratislava
Antisemitism • Slovakia
August
Antisemitic Mob Justice and Pogrom in Miskolc
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Attempted lynching in Szolnok
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Kielce Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
July
Antisemitic accusations and resettlement tensions in Mezőberény
Antisemitism • Hungary
June
Pogrom in Kunmadaras
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Reopening of Jewish religious and communal institutions
Antisemitism • Slovakia
May
Murder of Jews in Krościenko
Antisemitism • Poland
May
Murders near Białka
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Murders in Waksmund
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Postwar Neglect of Roma Suffering
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
Attempt to classify Roma detainees as wartime traitors
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
Murders in Bielsk
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Obstruction of Jewish Property Restitution in Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
February
Parczew Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
February
Trial of Ferenc Szálasi
Antigypsyism • Hungary
February
The trial of Ferenc Szálasi
Antisemitism • Hungary
February
Nationwide Blood-Libel Hysteria in Postwar Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
1939 – 1945
Times of War and Genocide
Between 1939 and 1945, antisemitism and antigypsyism across Central Europe were transformed into state-organised systems of persecution and genocide under Nazi occupation and collaborationist regimes. Jews were systematically stripped of rights, property, and livelihoods before being ghettoised, deported, and murdered in extermination camps, while Roma and Sinti were subjected to forced settlement, labour, internment, mass executions, and deportation as part of the Porajmos. These crimes were enabled not only by Nazi policy but also by local administrations, police forces, and societal participation, embedding racial violence into everyday governance. By the war’s end, Jewish life had been almost entirely destroyed and Roma communities devastated, leaving legacies of loss and trauma that would shape post-war marginalisation and memory across the region.
1945
Murders in Bolesławiec
Antisemitism • Poland
November
Memorandum of the Poznań Voivode
Antigypsyism • Poland
October
Anti-Jewish Pogrom in Topoľčany
Antisemitism • Slovakia
September
Kraków Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
August
Pogrom in Przedbórz
Antisemitism • Poland
May
Post-war property decree and discriminatory implementation
Antisemitism • Czechia
May
Liberation of the Theresienstadt ghetto
Antisemitism • Czechia
May
Evacuation transports to Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
April
“White Buses” rescue Scandinavian Jews
Antisemitism • Czechia
April
Liberation of Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Liberation of Roma Survivors
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
Soviet occupation of Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
Soviet Occupation of Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
April
Further arrivals in Theresienstadt after Sereď evacuation
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Murder in Czyżew
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Murder in Sokoły
Antisemitism • Poland
February
Várpalota massacre
Antigypsyism • Hungary
February
Palmnicken Massacre
Antisemitism • Poland
January
Massacre in Lajoskomárom
Antigypsyism • Hungary
January
Postwar Antisemitic Violence in Eastern Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1944
Transports of Slovak Jews to Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
December
Arrow Cross Massacres Against Jewish Hospitals in Buda
Antisemitism • Hungary
December
Massacre in Lengyel
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
The Budapest Ghetto
Antisemitism • Hungary
November
Deportation of Roma to NAZI Camps
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
November
Deportation from Bicsérd
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
Csillagerőd interment camp
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
Mass Execution of Roma in Dubnica nad Váhom
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
October
Forced Labour Under the Arrow Cross Regime
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
Executions on the Banks of the river Danube in Budapest
Antisemitism • Hungary
October
Massacre in Jászkarajenő
Antigypsyism • Hungary
October
Massacre in Doboz
Antigypsyism • Hungary
October
Final Deportations of Slovak Jews to Auschwitz
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
“Liquidation transports” from Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Renewed deportations under German control (Einsatzgruppe H)
Antisemitism • Slovakia
September
Slovak National Uprising; German intervention
Antisemitism • Slovakia
August
Persecution of Roma after the Slovak National Uprising
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
August
Establishment of the “gypsy” labour battalions
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Liquidation of the Auschwitz “Gypsy camp”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
August
Liquidation of the Roma Camp (‘Zigeneurlager’) at Auschwitz-Birkenau
Antigypsyism • Poland
August
Deportation of Roma from Ondód
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Liberation of Majdanek
Antigypsyism • Poland
July
Final liquidation of the Theresienstadt Family Camp
Antisemitism • Czechia
July
Roma Resistance in Auschwitz-Birkenau
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
Deportations of Jews from Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Gypsy Raids in Southern Transdanubia: Somogy, Baranya, and Veszprém
Antigypsyism • Hungary
May
Murder of 27 Roma by Polish Underground Forces
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
First Victims of the Gas Chambers in Auschwitz
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
Ghettoisation IN Hungary
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
Liquidation of Extermination Camps
Antisemitism • Poland
April
Vrba–Wetzler escape and Auschwitz report
Antisemitism • Slovakia
April
Operation Margarethe
Antisemitism • Hungary
March
Operation Margarethe: Nazi Occupation of Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
March
Liquidation of the Theresienstadt Family Camp
Antisemitism • Czechia
March
Mass Executions at Kremnička after the Slovak Uprising
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
1943
Aktion Erntefest
Antisemitism • Poland
November
Transports to the Auschwitz-Birkenau “Family Camp”
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Treblinka Death Camp Uprising
Antisemitism • Poland
August
Second mass murder of Gypsies in Auschwitz gas chambers
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
The Dorosic Hospital Fire
Antisemitism • Hungary
April
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Antisemitism • Poland
April
First mass murder of Gypsies in Auschwitz gas chamber
Antigypsyism • Poland
March
Liquidation of the Ghettos
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Correction to the Auschwitz decree
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
Segregation of Roma in Special Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
Theresienstadt as propaganda ghetto
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Forced Labor in Bor
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
1942
Himmler orders deportation of Roma to Auschwitz
Antigypsyism • Czechia
December
Himmler’s “Auschwitz Decree” on the Roma
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
Meeting of Hitler, Bormann and Himmler regarding Gypsies
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
First Gypsies murdered in gas chamber of Auschwitz
Antigypsyism • Poland
December
First transport from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz-Birkenau
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Deportations halted: ~24,000 Jews remain in Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
October
Overcrowding and mass death in Theresienstadt
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Act XIV of 1942 legalizing the system of national defense (auxiliary) labor service
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Law on the Israelite Religion
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Order introducing racial segregation of Roma in the Protectorate
Antigypsyism • Czechia
July
Fourth ANTI-Jewish Law
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Roma Forced Labour and Internment Camps in the Slovak State
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
June
The assassination of Reinhard Heydrich and the subsequent repression
Antisemitism • Czechia
May
Assassination of Heydrich and subsequent reprisals
Antigypsyism • Czechia
May
Expulsions of Roma from Slovak Cities
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
May
First official transport leaves Poprad for Auschwitz
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
Launch of Aktion Reinhard
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Regulation introducing preventive police custody for Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
Agreement enabling deportations signed
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
State-Organised Deportations of Slovak Jews to Lublin and Majdanek
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
Transports from Theresienstadt to the East
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
THE Novi Sad massacre
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
Mass Murder of Roma in Chełmno
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
Labour camps converted into assembly camps
Antigypsyism • Czechia
January
Local Massacres and Deportations of Roma in Southern Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
Jewish Labour Service at the Don
Antisemitism • Hungary
January
1941
First Use of Gas for Mass Killing at Chełmno
Antisemitism • Poland
December
Sereď Labour and Internment Camp
Antisemitism • Slovakia
December
Establishment of Theresienstadt ghetto and transit camp
Antisemitism • Czechia
November
Creation of the Ghettos for Roma
Antigypsyism • Poland
November
Deportation of Roma and Sinti from Lackenbach to the Łódź Ghetto
Antigypsyism • Poland
November
First deportations from the Protectorate to ghettos
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Nazi officials discuss deportation of Roma
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
Execution of Roma in Brno under martial law
Antigypsyism • Czechia
October
Reinhard Heydrich appointed Deputy Reich Protector
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Reinhard Heydrich appointed Deputy Reich Protector
Antigypsyism • Czechia
September
Jewish Codex: 270 Articles of Legal Exclusion
Antisemitism • Slovakia
September
Racial Laws and Labour Restrictions on Roma
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
September
Mandatory wearing of the yellow star
Antisemitism • Czechia
September
Third ANTI-Jewish Law
Antisemitism • Hungary
August
Rounding up, expulsion, and deportation of Jews with no Hungarian citizenship and the Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre
Antisemitism • Hungary
July
Jedwabne Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
July
Radziłów Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
July
Szczuczyn Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
June
Roma Forced to Wear Distinctive Badges
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
Systematic Destruction of Jewish Memorials in Wartime Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
1940
Hungary Joins the Axis Powers
Antisemitism • Hungary
November
Hungary joined the Axis Powers
Antigypsyism • Hungary
November
Slovakia joins the Axis (Tripartite Pact)
Antisemitism • Slovakia
November
Creation of the Jewish Center (Ústredňa Židov)
Antisemitism • Slovakia
September
Hungarian Annexation of Northern Transylvania
Antisemitism • Hungary
August
Hungarian Annexation of Northern Transylvania
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Labour camps established at Lety u Písku and Hodonín u Kunštátu
Antigypsyism • Czechia
August
Jewish students banned from public schools
Antisemitism • Slovakia
August
Introduction of the National Register of Gypsies
Antigypsyism • Hungary
August
Ban on Roma Using Public Transport
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
July
Gestapo prison established in Terezín
Antisemitism • Czechia
June
Gestapo police prison established in Terezín
Antigypsyism • Czechia
June
Creation of labour camp in Bełżec
Antigypsyism • Poland
May
Restrictions on Roma Settlements
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
April
Easter Pogrom
Antisemitism • Poland
March
Order intensifying Roma “settlement actions”
Antigypsyism • Czechia
February
Jewish doctors and lawyers banned
Antisemitism • Slovakia
February
“J” marking in identity documents
Antisemitism • Czechia
January
Forced Registration and Racial Classification of Roma
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
January
1939
Establishment of the General Government
Antisemitism • Poland
December
Protectorate bans nomadic life for Roma and Sinti
Antigypsyism • Czechia
November
First Roma Employment Restrictions
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
November
Annexation of the Warthegau
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Establishment of the General Government
Antigypsyism • Poland
October
Creation of the First Ghettos
Antisemitism • Poland
October
The Nisko Plan: the first deportation of Jews during the Holocaust
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
“Action Nisko” Deportations
Antisemitism • Poland
October
Registration of the Jewish population
Antisemitism • Czechia
October
Heydrich’s Order for Racial Segregation
Antisemitism • Poland
September
Beginning of Racial Segregation
Antigypsyism • Poland
September
German Invasion of Poland
Antisemitism • Poland
September
First Executions of Polish Jews
Antisemitism • Poland
September
German Invasion of Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
September
Start of segregation of “Aryan” and Jewish populations
Antisemitism • Czechia
August
Establishment of the Central Office for Jewish Emigration
Antisemitism • Czechia
July
Regulation on the Aryanisation of Jewish Property
Antisemitism • Czechia
June
Second anti-Jewish Law
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Anti-Jewish Laws of Hungary between 1938-1944
Antisemitism • Hungary
May
Protectorate adopts disciplinary labour camp regulation
Antigypsyism • Czechia
April
The first Vienna Award and the return of territories in southern Slovakia to Hungary
Antigypsyism • Hungary
March
Appointment of Konstantin von Neurath as Reich Protector
Antisemitism • Czechia
March
Konstantin von Neurath appointed Reich Protector
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
Declaration of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Antisemitism • Czechia
March
Proclamation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
Foundation of the Arrow Cross Party
Antigypsyism • Hungary
March
Occupation of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany
Antisemitism • Czechia
March
German occupation of Czechoslovakia
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
Establishment of the Slovak State
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
Establishment of the Slovak State
Antigypsyism • Slovakia
March
Defence of the Nation Act
Antisemitism • Hungary
March
Government regulation establishing disciplinary labour camps
Antigypsyism • Czechia
March
First Anti-Jewish Measures
Antisemitism • Slovakia
March
First Executions of Roma in Occupied Poland
Antigypsyism • Poland
January
Aryanization: Seizure of Jewish Property in Slovakia
Antisemitism • Slovakia
January
FROM MEMORY
TO MONITORING
You’ve explored the past – now see how history is connected to the present. View recent incidents of antisemitism and antigypsyism across Central Europe.